Evaluation of Geopotential Height at 500 hpa with Rainfall Events: A Case Study of Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v33i4.1161Keywords:
500hpa, geopotential height , rainfall, trough, IraqAbstract
The geopotential height at 500 hPa is a key factor in determining the weather and climate conditions around the world. This paper aims to study the effect of 500hpa geopotential height in Iraq weather from a synoptic perspective and evaluation the variation at 500hpa geopotential height. On (26-29 January 2013), a case of atmospheric instability affected Iraq, where a heavy amount of rain fell over Iraq on 28 January 2013, the amount of rain that fell on Kirkuk was about (72.2mm). The result showed that when the upper-level trough stretches from Europe towards the Mediterranean, it will enhance surface low pressure. In addition, the advection of moisture from lower latitudes resulted in a situation of instability that brought severe rain to Iraq. during this period the value of geopotential height decreased sharply. The decrease in the value of geopotential height is an indicator of turbulent weather when compared to surrounding regions.
Downloads
References
O. M. A. M. Agha and N. Şarlak, "Spatial and temporal patterns of climate variables in Iraq," Arab. J. Geosci., vol. 9, no. 4, 2016.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2324-y
A. A. Attiya and B. G. Jones, "Climatology of Iraqi dust events during 1980-2015," SN Appl. Sci., vol. 2, no. 5, May 2020.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2669-4
N. Al-Ansari, A. A. Ali, and S. Knutsson, "Present Conditions and Future Challenges of Water Resources Problems in Iraq," J. Water Resour. Prot., vol. 06, no. 12, pp. 1066-1098, 2014.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2014.612102
S. A. Salman, S. Shahid, T. Ismail, K. Ahmed, E. S. Chung, and X. J. Wang, "Characteristics of Annual and Seasonal Trends of Rainfall and Temperature in Iraq," Asia-Pacific J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 429-438, 2019.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-018-0073-4
A. S. Hassan, K. N. Zeki, and N. S. Salih, "Determination the quantity of extreme rainfall and calculation of the climatology mean for Baghdad City," Iraqi J. Sci., vol. 59, no. 1 B, pp. 447-455, 2018.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2018.59.1B.25
A. R. Al-Nassar and H. Kadhim, "Mapping Flash Floods in Iraq by Using GIS," Environ. Sci. Proc., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 39, Jul. 2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ecas2021-10696
A. Hochman, D. Rostkier-Edelstein, P. Kunin, and J. G. Pinto, "Changes in the characteristics of 'wet' and 'dry' Red Sea Trough over the Eastern Mediterranean in CMIP5 climate projections," Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol.143, no. 01, pp. 781-794, 2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03449-0
H. Khozeymehnezhad and M. Nazeri Tahroudi, "Annual and seasonal distribution pattern of rainfall in Iran and neighboring regions," Arab. J. Geosci., vol. 12, no. 8, 2019.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4442-9
K. M. R. Hunt and A. Menon, "The 2018 Kerala floods: a climate change perspective," Clim. Dyn., vol. 54, no. 3-4, pp. 2433-2446, Feb. 2020.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05123-7
Y. Y. Hafez and M. Almazroui, "Recent Study of Anomaly of Global Annual Geopotential Height and Global Warming," Atmos. Clim. Sci., vol. 04, no. 03, pp. 347-357, 2014.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/acs.2014.43035
D. Q. Hmood Abd and A. K. Abdul kareem, "Synoptic Analysis for the Daily Rains of the City of Baghdad," Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci., vol. 32, no. 2, p. 51-57,2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v32i2.983
A. G. Mutar, A. Khtan, and L. E. George, "Synoptic Characteristics of Torrential Rains in Southwest and Southeast Iraq: A Case Study," Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci., vol. 32, no. 3, p. 1-7,2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v32i3.957
A. Raheem Al-Nassar, J. L. Pelegrí, P. Sangrà, and M. Alarcon, "Cut-off low systems over Iraq: contribution to annual precipitation and synoptic analysis of extreme events."vol. 40, no. 2, p. 908-926,2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6247
S. Issa and J. Kadhum, "Dynamical Analysis of Severe Rain Events over Iraq," Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 15-22, 2019.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v30i1.586
A. M. Al-Lami, Y. K. Al-Timimi, and H. K. A. Al-Shamarti, "Spatiotemporal analysis of some extreme rainfall indices over Iraq (1981-2017)," Sci. Rev. Eng. Environ. Sci., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 221-235, 2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.22630/PNIKS.2021.30.2.19
A. Al-Salihi, A. Allami, and Y. Kadhim, "Spatiotemporal Analysis of Annual and Seasonal Rainfall Trends for Iraq," Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 153-168, 2014.
S. A. Khidher and P. Pilesjö, "The effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the Iraqi climate 1982-2000," Theor. Appl. Climatol., vol. 122, no. 3-4, pp. 771-782, 2015.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-014-1327-4
K. M. R. Hunt, A. G. Turner, and R. K. H. Schiemann, "How Interactions between Tropical Depressions and Western Disturbances Affect Heavy Precipitation in South Asia,"vol. 149, no. 6, pp. 1801-1825, 2021.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-20-0373.1
M. Almazroui, S. Kamil, K. Ammar, K. Keay, and A. O. Alamoudi, "Climatology of the 500-hPa mediterranean storms associated with Saudi Arabia wet season precipitation," Clim. Dyn., vol. 47, no. 9, pp.3029-3042,2016.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3011-0
L. Deng, M. F. Mccabe, G. Stenchikov, J. P. Evans, and P. A. Kucera, "Simulation of flash-flood-producing storm events in Saudi Arabia using the weather research and forecasting model," J. Hydrometeorol., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 615-630, 2015.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0126.1
Y. Ai and W. Qian, "Anomaly-based synoptic analysis on the Heavy Rain Event of July 2018 in Japan," Nat. Hazards, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 651-668, 2020.
CrossRef DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-03888-y
"Daily Climate Composites: NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory." https://psl.noaa.gov/data/composites/day/ (accessed Jan. 27, 2022).
"ECMWF ERA Interim, Daily." https://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/interim-full-daily/levtype=sfc/(accessed Mar. 21, 2022).
"WorldviewSnapshots." https://wvs.earthdata.nasa.gov/ (accessed Mar. 21, 2022).
Downloads
Key Dates
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
(Starting May 5, 2024) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
How to Cite
