Variability of Solar UV Radiation and Its Relationship to Pollutants in Baghdad City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v32i2.989Keywords:
Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Polluted, Ultraviolet radiation.Abstract
The atmospheric constituents generated by the activities of an urban area may affect UV radiation reaching the ground. In this study, two areas were chosen in Baghdad city (Zafaraniyah and Abu Ghraib). Parameters of the pollutants data (Total column NO2 and Total column CO) and UV radiation for specific bands were collected and analyzed for the period of three years (2017-2019) were taken hourly from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for each parameter through the years. The results show that the concentrations of pollutants in Zafaraniyah higher than Abu Ghraib throughout the year, Where total column NO2 reaching to about 9.6 * 10-5 kg m-2 in 2019 for Zafaraniyah and 8.48 * 10-5 kg m-2 for Abu Ghraib. While total column CO reaching to about 45 * 10-4 kg m-2 in 2019 for Zafaraniyah and 43 * 10-4 kg m-2 for Abu Ghraib in the same year. While the values of UV radiation in Abu Ghraib higher value 487.3W/m2 than 443.7 W/m2 Zafaraniyah throughout the year.Downloads
References
Ali A, Khan H, Bahadar R, Riaz A, Asad MH., "The impact of airborne pollution and exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation on skin: mechanistic and physiological insight.," Environ Sci Pollut Res Int., vol. 11, no. 27, p. 28730-28736, 2020 May 27.
Weschler CJ, Nazaroff WW., "SVOC exposure indoors: fresh look at dermal pathways.," Indoor Air., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 356-377, 2012 Oct.
Weschler CJ, Nazaroff WW., "Dermal uptake of organic vapors commonly found in indoor air.," Environ Sci Technol., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 1230-1237, 2014 Jan 21.
Weschler CJ, Bekö G, Koch HM, Salthammer T, Schripp T, Toftum J, et al., "Transdermal uptake of diethyl phthalate and di (n-butyl) phthalate directly from air: experimental verification.," Environ Health Perspect., vol. 123, no. 10, pp. 928-934, 2015 Oct.
Hoseinzadeh E, Samarghandi MR, Ghorbani Shahna F, Chavoshi E. , "Isoconcentration mapping of particulate matter in H amedan intercity bus stations.," Water Environ J., vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 418-424, 2013 Sep.
Fussell JC, Kelly FJ., "Oxidative contribution of air pollution to extrinsic skin ageing.," Free Radic Biol Med., vol. 151, no. 1, pp. 111-122, 2020 May 1.
Mancebo SE, Wang SQ., "Recognizing the impact of ambient air pollution on skin health.," J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol., vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 384-7, 2015 Dec.
Koohgoli R, Hudson L, Naidoo K, Wilkinson S, Chavan B, Birch‐Machin MA., "Bad air gets under your skin.," Exp Dermatol., vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 384-387, 2017 May.
Gao W, Schmoldt D, Slusser JR., UV radiation in global climate change., Tsinghua University Press, Beijing; : Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg,, 2010.
McKenzie RL, Weinreis C, Johnston PV, Liley B, Shiona H, Kotkamp M,et al., "Effects of urban pollution on UV spectral irradiances.," Atmos Chem Phys Discuss, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 7149-7188, 2008.
Siani AM, Casale GR, Modesti S, Colosimo A., "Solar UV radiation as a double face environmental pollutant.," Biophysics and Bioengineering Letters., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 13-20, 2010.
Guo H, Wang Y, Zhang H. , "Characterization of criteria air pollutants in Beijing during 2014-2015," Environ Res., vol. 154, no. 1, pp. 334-344, 2017 Apr 1.
Palancar GG, Lefer BL, Hall SR, Shaw WJ, Corr CA, Herndon SC,et al., "Effect of aerosols and NO2 concentration on ultraviolet actinic flux near Mexico City during MILAGRO: measurements and model calculations.," Atmos Chem Phys, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 1011-1022, 2013.
Su T, Li Z, Li C, Li J, Han W, Shen C, et al., "The significant impact of aerosol vertical structure on lower atmosphere stability and its critical role in aerosol-planetary boundary layer (PBL) interactions.," Atmos Chem Phys . , vol. 20, no. 6, p. 3713-3724, 2020 Mar 15.
Fu PP, Xia Q, Sun X, Yu H., "Phototoxicity and environmental transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-light-induced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage.," J Environ Sci Health C Toxicol Carcinog., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 1-41, 2012 Jan 1.
Araviiskaia E, Berardesca E, Bieber T, Gontijo G, Sanchez Viera M, Marrot L,et al. , "The impact of airborne pollution on skin.," J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol ., vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 1496-505, 2019 Aug.
Rajab JM, Hassan AS, Kadhum JH, Al-Salihi AM, San Lim H., "Analysis of tropospheric NO2 over Iraq using OMI satellite measurements .," Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 3-16, 2020.
Hou Y, Wang L, Zhou Y, Wang S, Liu W, Zhu J., "Analysis of the tropospheric column nitrogen dioxide over China based on satellite observations during 2008-2017.," Atmos Pollut Res., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 651-5, 2019 Mar 1.
Zhang X, Liu J, Han H, Zhang Y, Jiang Z, Wang H,et al. , "Satellite-Observed Variations and Trends in Carbon Monoxide over Asia and Their Sensitivities to Biomass Burning.," Remote Sens (Basel), vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1-26, 2020 Jan.
Downloads
Key Dates
Published
Issue
Section
License
(Starting May 5, 2024) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
How to Cite
