Synthesis and Characterization of PMMA/HAP/MgO Nanocomposite as an Antibacterial Activity for Dental Applications

Abstract

The current work focuses on the preparation of magnesium oxide nanoparticles using aqueous magnesium chloride salts and sodium hydroxide powder by a simple chemical precipitation method and at an annealing temperature of 700 °C for 6 hours. The structural and morphological properties of the magnesium oxide nanoparticles were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Polycrystalline cube and using the Scherer equation showed a crystalline size of 17.23 nm. EDS analyzes showed high purity. Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed the spherical shape of the magnesium oxide particles. With particle size within the range (65-185) nm. While a (PMMA)-HAP nanocomposite was synthesized. -MgO) for use in dental applications such as fillings and dentures. A nanocomposite (PMMA-HAP-MgO) was manufactured by manual molding method by strengthening the poly methyl methacrylate polymer with certain weight ratios(1%,5%,and 10%) from a mixture of nano powder where the added ratios were  (99%PMMA-1%HAP,95%PMMA-7.4%HAP-0.3%MgO,and 90%PMMA-9.4%HAP-0.3%MgO). The topographical properties (surface roughness) of the nanocomposite samples were studied by testing them with an atomic force microscope. The results showed an increase in the value of pure PMMA, where the use of nanoparticle filler by 5% (4.7% HAP -0.3% MgO) affected both the roughness and the root mean square ratio of the distribution of nanoparticles on the surface of the composite and the shape of the particles led to a roughness more than the polymer pure. The antibacterial activity of the polymeric overlay was examined on the bacteria that cause dental caries for (Streptococcus mutans), where the zone of inhibition were (1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm) for the nanocomposite and no activity for pure PMMA.