Synoptic Characteristics of Torrential Rains in Southwest and Southeast Iraq: A Case Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v32i3.957Keywords:
Torrential Rain, synoptic, mid latitude depression, GIS, NDWI.Abstract
Torrential rains cause many losses in city infrastructure, crops, and deaths in several regions of the world including Iraq as in the case that we will discuss in this work, on January 28 and 29, 2019. Torrential rain caused the flow of torrents in several areas of Iraq and the neighboring areas. This research work aims to identify the synoptic characteristics of torrential rains and the causes of this case. This will be done by analyzing and interpreting the weather maps at different pressure levels with focusing on the troughs and fronts locations, relative vorticity, polar jet stream effect as well as the moisture flux. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to analyze the satellite images in order to calculate the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to confirm the heavy rain case. The weather maps were obtained from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2). As for the satellite images we used the satellite imagery from Sentinel-2 and EMUTSAT.Downloads
References
H. P. Bailey, "A Simple Moisture Index Based upon a Primary Law of Evaporation," Geografiska Annaler, vol. 40, no. 3/4, p. 196, 1958.
A. G. Mutar, E. K. AL - Kuwayldee, and F. S. Basheer, The Climate Assessment of Iraq Region, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JNSR/article/view/33788. [Accessed: Mar-2016].
H. K. AL-Shamarti, "Analysis of Rainfall Seasonality Index in Iraq," Diyala Journal for Pure Science, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 188-202, 2017.
A. R. Al‐Nassar, J. L. Pelegrí, P. Sangrà, M. Alarcon, and A. Jansa, "Cut‐off low systems over Iraq: Contribution to annual precipitation and synoptic analysis of extreme events," International Journal of Climatology, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 908-926, 2019.
A. S Hassan and Khawla N Zeki, "Determination the Quantity of Extreme Rainfall and calculation of the Climatology Mean for Baghdad City," IRAQI JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, vol. 59, no. 1B, 2018.
S. Issa and J. Kadhum, "Dynamical Analysis of Severe Rain Events over Iraq," Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 15, 2019.
Y. A. Shaghati, "Study of Some Patterns for Severe Rainfalls Over Iraq," Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 9, 2020.
Y. Du, Y. Zhang, F. Ling, Q. Wang, W. Li, and X. Li, "Water Bodies' Mapping from Sentinel-2 Imagery with Modified Normalized Difference Water Index at 10-m Spatial Resolution Produced by Sharpening the SWIR Band," Remote Sensing, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 354, 2016.
H. D. Mohsin, M. H. Al-Jiboori, and A. Khtan, "The Relationship between Disturbance of the Polar Jet Stream and the Surface Low Pressure Intensity," Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, vol. 30, no. 2, p. 1, 2019.
ROLAND STULL."Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmospheric Science". Textbook Version 1.02b. P.P 389-433. 2017.
Christopher G. Collier "Hydrometeorology" Textbook P.P 28. 2016
P. R. Field and R. Wood, "Precipitation and Cloud Structure in Midlatitude Cyclones," Journal of Climate, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 233-254, 2007.
Z. Liu, C.-L. Shie, A. Li, and D. Meyer, "NASA Global Satellite and Model Data Products and Services for Tropical Meteorology and Climatology," Remote Sensing, vol. 12, no. 17, p. 2821, Aug. 2020
Downloads
Key Dates
Published
Issue
Section
License
Articles accepted for publication in Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science (MJS) are protected under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Authors of accepted articles are requested to sign a copyright release form prior to their article being published. All authors must agree to the submission, sign copyright release forms, and agree to be included in any correspondence between MJS and the authors before submitting a work to MJS. For personal or educational use, permission is given without charge to print or create digital copies of all or portions of a MJS article. However, copies must not be produced or distributed for monetary gain. It is necessary to respect the copyright of any parts of this work that are not owned by MJS.
How to Cite
