Factors association with some bacteria cause diarrhea disease among children under 5 years old
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i3.42Abstract
Aim: “Diarrhea has been a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years old. This study was intended to assessment level of personal hygiene, type of water taken by children, crowding index and some factors associated with some bacterial infection in children under 5 years.”
Material and Methods: This study enrolled 143 children under 5 years with clinical evidence of diarrheal disease through the period extending from 15/4/2016 to 30/8/2016, who were admitted to Baghdad teaching hospital, stool samples were collected from children who had diarrhea were inoculated on selective culture media using standard method. “The isolate were identified depending on morphological feature of colonies and from all media biochemically using API 20E system.”
Results: A total bacterial infection was observed (13.9%). Specific prevalence of species bacteria is as follows,” E.coli (7.7%), and Shigella spp. (2%), and Salmonella spp. (3.5%) and V. cholera (0.7%).” Finding from our study indicate that patient in the age group >5 years of age were more likely to have diarrhea than those who were younger, and Children that consumed tap water were more infected with bacteria (9.7%). In this study, crowding index were associated with diarrheal disease,” children from households with 1 or 2 people per room were (1.4%) less likely to have diarrhea compared to children from household with more than 3 people per room (30%). Our results indicate that availability of house hold sanitation facilities, access to filter and clean water, good personal hygiene and butter nutrition were all associated with lower incidence of diarrhea.”
Downloads
References
World Health Organization and UNICEF 2009.” Diarrhea: why children are still dying and what can be done”. [Online]Available at http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9789241598415/en/index.html. Assess on 12th March 2013.
World Health Organization 2009. Diarrheal disease fact sheet. [Online] Available at
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/index.html. Assess on 12th March 2013.
World health organization 2012. Word health statistics 2012. [Online] Availableathttp://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2012/en/. Assess on 12th March 2013.
Rehang SH, Gautam K, Gurung K.” KAP of mothers regarding diarrhea”. Indian J prev Soc Med; 34:1-6.2003.
Ameta analysis of” the effects of oral zinc in the treatment of acute and persistent diarrhea pediatrics”: 121(2): 326-36.2008.
Marie AC and Mark WJ:” Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Pharmacotherapy Handbook”, 6th Edition. Wells, Barbara G.; DiPiro, Joseph T.; Schwinghammer, Terry L.; Hamilton, Cindy 1.W. (Eds). McGraw-Hill medical Publishing Division.: 605-760:2005.
Berisha M, Gashi SH, Ramadani N.” Maternal practice on management of acute diarrhea among children under five years old in Kosovo”. TAF Prev Med Bull: 8(5): 369- 372.2009.
World Health Organization (WHO).” Global water supply and sanitation assessment 2000 report. Health hazards of poor water supply and sanitation”. WHO publication 2000.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.” The management of acute diarrhea in children: oral rehydration, maintenance, and nutritional therapy”. MMWR. 41(16):1992.
WHO/UNICEF joint statement.” Clinical Management of Acute Diarrhea”. Nov 2004.
Abdurrahman IS and Parakoyi DB:” Factors affecting mother’s healthcare seeking behavior for childhood diseases in a rural Nigeria setting”. 2009.
Onyango and Angienda.” Epidemiology of Waterborne Diarrheal Diseases among Children Aged 6-36 Months Old in Busia - Western Kenya”. International Journal of Biological and Life Sciences 6:2: 2010.
D. Rogers, J. McEwen, R. Beaglehole and H. Tanaka, “The practice of public health”, Oxford text book of Public Health; 4th ed. 2002.
K. E. Byers, R. L. Guerrant, B. M. Farr, Fecal-oral transmission, In: Thomas JC, Webber DJ editor(s). “Epidemiologic methods for the study of infectious disease”. Oxford UniScience Journal of Public Health 1(2): 56-61 2013.
Black RE, Morris SS, Bryce J.” Where and why are 10 million children dying every year?”. Lancet 361: 2226-34.2003.
Geo F. Brooks, Karen C., Carroll Janet S. Butel, Stephen A. Morse, Timothy A. Mietzner. “Jawetz, melnick and adelbergs medical microbiology”. 26th Edition: 229-241.2010.
Gupta A, Polyak CS, Bishop RD, Sobel J, Mintz ED. “Laboratory-confirmed shigellosis in the United States, 1989–2002: Epidemiologic trends and patterns”. Clin Infect Dis 38: 1372–1377.2004.
Van Pelt W, de Wit MA, Wannet WJ, Ligtvoet EJ, Widdowson MA, et al.” Laboratory surveillance of bacterial gastro enteric pathogens in The Netherlands”. 1991–2001. Epidemiol Infect 130: 431–441.2003.
Prado V, Lagos R, Nataro JP, San Martin O, Arellano C, et al.” Population-based study of the incidence of Shigella diarrhea and causative serotypes in Santiago”. Chile. Pediatr Infect Dis J 18: 500–505.1999.
Bennish ML “Potentially lethal complications of shigellosis”. Rev Infect Dis 13(Suppl 4): S319–S324.1991.
Chruchaga S., Echeita A., Aladueua A.” Antimicrobial resistance in salmonella from human, food and animal in Spain”. Anti-microbial chemother 47:315-321, 2001.
Helms M., Vastrup P., Gerner Smidt P., Molloak K.” Excess mortality associated with antimicrobial drug resistant salmonella typhi”. Emerg Infection Dis. 8: 490-496. 2002.
Halder AK, Tronchet C, Akhter S, Bhuiya A, Johnston R, Luby SP.” Measures of hand washing behavior in rural Bangladesh”. J; Seto, Medicine, 151 (7): 437–46.2010.
Naïf o,” rotavirus gastroenteritis among children age under 5 years in al kayak, Jorden, eastern Mediterranean.” health journal: 16: 1064-1069.2010.
Awqati Na, Ali mm, al –ward NJ,” causes and differentials of childhood mortality in Iraq”. Bmc pediatrics: 9: 9: 40.2009.
Ozkan s, tuzun h, gorer n.” water usage habits and the incidence of diarrhea in rural Ankara, turkey”, transactions of the royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene 101: 1131-1135.2007.
Pronzuk j, surdu s.” children’s environmental health in the twenty first century challenges and solutions”.ann.acad. Sci.: 1140: 143-154.2008.
US water News.” Available from: http:// www.uswaternews . Com / archives / arc global /7u.n. Says 4. Html” (accessed 15 august 2009).
Clasen T, Haller L, Walker D.” Cost effectiveness of water quality intervention for preventing diarrheal disease in developing countries. Journal of water and health”. 5: 4.2007.
Hasanian FG, Jamsish M, Zalenha MI, Azmi MTamil, Mohammed AA.” Association between drinking water sources and diarrhea with malnutrition among kindergarten’s children in Baghdad city”. Malaysia’s journal of public health medicine.12 (1):45-48:2012
Siziya S, Muula AS, and Rudatsikira E.” Correlates of diarrhea among children below the age of 5 years in Sudan”. Afr. Health Sci. 13(2): 376-383:2013.
Dattal SS. Singh Z. Boratnel V.” Knowledge and practice of hand washing among mothers of under five children in rural coastal south India”. International Journal of Medicine and public health. 1(1): 33-38.2011.
Nasreen S. Azziz E. Gurtey ES.” Prevalence high risk respiratory hygiene practices urban and rural Bangladesh”. Trop Med Int Health, 15(16): 762-71.2010.
Downloads
Key Dates
Published
Issue
Section
License
Articles accepted for publication in Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science (MJS) are protected under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Authors of accepted articles are requested to sign a copyright release form prior to their article being published. All authors must agree to the submission, sign copyright release forms, and agree to be included in any correspondence between MJS and the authors before submitting a work to MJS. For personal or educational use, permission is given without charge to print or create digital copies of all or portions of a MJS article. However, copies must not be produced or distributed for monetary gain. It is necessary to respect the copyright of any parts of this work that are not owned by MJS.
How to Cite
